[R] 원하는 R 패키지와 의존성 있는 R 패키지를 모두 한꺼번에 다운로드 하기 (tools::package_dependencies(), download.packages())

회사의 보안 정책 상 사내 폐쇄망으로 운영함에 따라 R 패키지를 인터넷으로부터 바로 다운로드하지 못하는 경우가 있습니다. 이처럼 폐쇄망일 경우 R 패키지를 설치하는 것이 '지옥 그 자체!' 일 수 있습니다. 왜냐하면 특정 R 패키지를 설치하려면 그와 의존성이 있는 다른 패키지를 설치해야만 하고, 그 의존성이 있는 패키지는 또 다른 의존성이 있는 패키지가 설치되어야만 하고.... 꼬리에 꼬리를 무는 의존성 있는 패키지들을 설치하다보면 입에서 투덜거림이 궁시렁 궁시렁 나오게 됩니다. -_-;;; 

 

이럴 때 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 'R 패키지 다운로드 & 의존성 있는 R 패키지도 같이 한꺼번에 다운로드 하기' 하는 방법을 소개하겠습니다. 

 

 

먼저 R 패키지를 다운로드 받아 놓을 'r-pkt' 폴더를 만들어보겠습니다. 

> mainDir <- "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads" > subDir <- "r-pkg" > dir.create(file.path(mainDir, subDir), showWarnings = FALSE)

 

다음으로 tools 패키지의 package_dependencies() 함수를 이용하여 다운도르하려는 특정 R 패키지와 이 패키지의 의존성 있는 패키지(dependencies of package)들 정보를 가져오는 사용자 정의 함수 getPackages() 를 만들어보겠습니다. 

# UDF for get packages with dependencies getPackages <- function(packs){   packages <- unlist(     # Find (recursively) dependencies or reverse dependencies of packages.     tools::package_dependencies(packs, available.packages(),                          which=c("Depends", "Imports"), recursive=TRUE)   )   packages <- union(packs, packages)      return(packages) }

 

 

자, 이제 준비가 되었으니 예제로 "dplyr"와 "ggplot2" 의 두 개 패키지와 이들과 의존성을 가지는 패키지들을 getPackages() 사용자 정의 함수로 정보를 가져온 후에, download.packages() 함수로 '/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg' 폴더로 다운로드 해보도록 하겠습니다. 

> packages <- getPackages(c("dplyr", "ggplot2")) > download.packages(packages, destdir=file.path(mainDir, subDir))   trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/dplyr_0.8.0.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1075146 bytes (1.0 MB) ================================================== downloaded 1.0 MB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/ggplot2_3.1.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 2862022 bytes (2.7 MB) ================================================== downloaded 2.7 MB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/assertthat_0.2.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 12742 bytes (12 KB) ================================================== downloaded 12 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/glue_1.3.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 122950 bytes (120 KB) ================================================== downloaded 120 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/magrittr_1.5.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 200504 bytes (195 KB) ================================================== downloaded 195 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'methods' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/pkgconfig_2.0.2.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 6024 bytes ================================================== downloaded 6024 bytes trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/R6_2.4.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 31545 bytes (30 KB) ================================================== downloaded 30 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/Rcpp_1.0.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 3661123 bytes (3.5 MB) ================================================== downloaded 3.5 MB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/rlang_0.3.4.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 858992 bytes (838 KB) ================================================== downloaded 838 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/tibble_2.1.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 311836 bytes (304 KB) ================================================== downloaded 304 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/tidyselect_0.2.5.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 21883 bytes (21 KB) ================================================== downloaded 21 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'utils' at the repositories Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'tools' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/cli_1.1.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 40232 bytes (39 KB) ================================================== downloaded 39 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/crayon_1.3.4.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 658694 bytes (643 KB) ================================================== downloaded 643 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/fansi_0.4.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 266123 bytes (259 KB) ================================================== downloaded 259 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/pillar_1.3.1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 103972 bytes (101 KB) ================================================== downloaded 101 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/purrr_0.3.2.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 373701 bytes (364 KB) ================================================== downloaded 364 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'grDevices' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/utf8_1.1.4.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 218882 bytes (213 KB) ================================================== downloaded 213 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/digest_0.6.18.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 128553 bytes (125 KB) ================================================== downloaded 125 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'grid' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/gtable_0.3.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 368081 bytes (359 KB) ================================================== downloaded 359 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/lazyeval_0.2.2.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 83482 bytes (81 KB) ================================================== downloaded 81 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/MASS_7.3-51.4.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 487233 bytes (475 KB) ================================================== downloaded 475 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/mgcv_1.8-28.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 915991 bytes (894 KB) ================================================== downloaded 894 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/plyr_1.8.4.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 392451 bytes (383 KB) ================================================== downloaded 383 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/reshape2_1.4.3.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 36405 bytes (35 KB) ================================================== downloaded 35 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/scales_1.0.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 299262 bytes (292 KB) ================================================== downloaded 292 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'stats' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/viridisLite_0.3.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 44019 bytes (42 KB) ================================================== downloaded 42 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/withr_2.1.2.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 53578 bytes (52 KB) ================================================== downloaded 52 KB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'graphics' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/nlme_3.1-139.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 793473 bytes (774 KB) ================================================== downloaded 774 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/Matrix_1.2-17.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1860456 bytes (1.8 MB) ================================================== downloaded 1.8 MB Warning in download.packages(packages, destdir = file.path(mainDir, subDir)) :   no package 'splines' at the repositories trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/stringr_1.4.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 135777 bytes (132 KB) ================================================== downloaded 132 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/labeling_0.3.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 10722 bytes (10 KB) ================================================== downloaded 10 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/munsell_0.5.0.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 182653 bytes (178 KB) ================================================== downloaded 178 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/RColorBrewer_1.1-2.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 11532 bytes (11 KB) ================================================== downloaded 11 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/lattice_0.20-38.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 359031 bytes (350 KB) ================================================== downloaded 350 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/colorspace_1.4-1.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 2152594 bytes (2.1 MB) ================================================== downloaded 2.1 MB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/stringi_1.4.3.tar.gz' Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 7290890 bytes (7.0 MB) ================================================== downloaded 7.0 MB       [,1]           [,2]                                                         [1,] "dplyr"        "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/dplyr_0.8.0.1.tar.gz"       [2,] "ggplot2"      "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/ggplot2_3.1.1.tar.gz"       [3,] "assertthat"   "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/assertthat_0.2.1.tar.gz"    [4,] "glue"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/glue_1.3.1.tar.gz"          [5,] "magrittr"     "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/magrittr_1.5.tar.gz"        [6,] "pkgconfig"    "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/pkgconfig_2.0.2.tar.gz"     [7,] "R6"           "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/R6_2.4.0.tar.gz"            [8,] "Rcpp"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/Rcpp_1.0.1.tar.gz"          [9,] "rlang"        "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/rlang_0.3.4.tar.gz"        [10,] "tibble"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/tibble_2.1.1.tar.gz"       [11,] "tidyselect"   "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/tidyselect_0.2.5.tar.gz"   [12,] "cli"          "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/cli_1.1.0.tar.gz"          [13,] "crayon"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/crayon_1.3.4.tar.gz"       [14,] "fansi"        "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/fansi_0.4.0.tar.gz"        [15,] "pillar"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/pillar_1.3.1.tar.gz"       [16,] "purrr"        "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/purrr_0.3.2.tar.gz"        [17,] "utf8"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/utf8_1.1.4.tar.gz"         [18,] "digest"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/digest_0.6.18.tar.gz"      [19,] "gtable"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/gtable_0.3.0.tar.gz"       [20,] "lazyeval"     "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/lazyeval_0.2.2.tar.gz"     [21,] "MASS"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/MASS_7.3-51.4.tar.gz"      [22,] "mgcv"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/mgcv_1.8-28.tar.gz"        [23,] "plyr"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/plyr_1.8.4.tar.gz"         [24,] "reshape2"     "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/reshape2_1.4.3.tar.gz"     [25,] "scales"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/scales_1.0.0.tar.gz"       [26,] "viridisLite"  "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/viridisLite_0.3.0.tar.gz"  [27,] "withr"        "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/withr_2.1.2.tar.gz"        [28,] "nlme"         "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/nlme_3.1-139.tar.gz"       [29,] "Matrix"       "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/Matrix_1.2-17.tar.gz"      [30,] "stringr"      "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/stringr_1.4.0.tar.gz"      [31,] "labeling"     "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/labeling_0.3.tar.gz"       [32,] "munsell"      "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/munsell_0.5.0.tar.gz"      [33,] "RColorBrewer" "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/RColorBrewer_1.1-2.tar.gz" [34,] "lattice"      "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/lattice_0.20-38.tar.gz"    [35,] "colorspace"   "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/colorspace_1.4-1.tar.gz"   [36,] "stringi"      "/Users/ihongdon/Downloads/r-pkg/stringi_1.4.3.tar.gz"

 

위에 다운로드된 패키지들의 리스트를 보면 알 수 있는 것처럼, 'dplyr'과 'ggplot2'의 두 개 패키지를 다운로드 하려고 했더니 이들이 의존성을 가지고 있는 [3] 'assertthat' 패키지부터 ~ [36] 'stringi' 패키지까지 34개의 패키지가 추가로 다운로드 되었습니다. 

 

외부의 인터넷 연결이 되는 환경에서 다운받아 놓은 이들 R packages 파일들을 저장매체에 저장하여 가져가서 폐쇄망으로 되어 있는 서버에 복사를 한 후에, 수작업으로 R package 설치하면 되겠습니다. (이때 의존성 있는 패키지들까지 알아서 다 설치가 되도록 여러번 설치 작업을 반복해주면 됩니다. 

 

아래 코드를 사용하시면 다운로드 받아놓은 모든 패키지의 리스트를 읽어와서 수동으로 R 패키지 설치를 할 수 있습니다. 

 

## set working directory
setwd("C:/Users/hdlee/Documents/R") # set with yours

## getting the list of R packages downloaded
src_pkgs <- list.files("C:/Users/hdlee/Documents/R") # use yours

## install R packages manually using binary files
install.packages(src_pkgs, repos = NULL, type = "source")

 

 

##==============================================##

폐쇄망 환경에서 Greenplum DB에 R 패키지 설치하는 방법은 

== > http://gpdbkr.blogspot.com/2019/12/greenplum-6-plr-r.html

==> https://rfriend.tistory.com/442 

포스팅을 참고하세요. 

##==============================================##

 

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